Optimal. Leaf size=187 \[ -\frac {\left (3 a^2+6 a b-b^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \sec (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a-b+b \sec ^2(e+f x)}}\right )}{8 a^{3/2} f}+\frac {\sqrt {b} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \sec (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a-b+b \sec ^2(e+f x)}}\right )}{f}-\frac {(3 a+b) \cot (e+f x) \csc (e+f x) \sqrt {a-b+b \sec ^2(e+f x)}}{8 a f}-\frac {\cot (e+f x) \csc ^3(e+f x) \sqrt {a-b+b \sec ^2(e+f x)}}{4 f} \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.15, antiderivative size = 187, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 8, number of rules used = 8, integrand size = 25, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.320, Rules used = {3745, 478, 592,
537, 223, 212, 385, 213} \begin {gather*} -\frac {\left (3 a^2+6 a b-b^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \sec (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)-b}}\right )}{8 a^{3/2} f}+\frac {\sqrt {b} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \sec (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)-b}}\right )}{f}-\frac {\cot (e+f x) \csc ^3(e+f x) \sqrt {a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)-b}}{4 f}-\frac {(3 a+b) \cot (e+f x) \csc (e+f x) \sqrt {a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)-b}}{8 a f} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 212
Rule 213
Rule 223
Rule 385
Rule 478
Rule 537
Rule 592
Rule 3745
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \csc ^5(e+f x) \sqrt {a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)} \, dx &=\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^4 \sqrt {a-b+b x^2}}{\left (-1+x^2\right )^3} \, dx,x,\sec (e+f x)\right )}{f}\\ &=-\frac {\cot (e+f x) \csc ^3(e+f x) \sqrt {a-b+b \sec ^2(e+f x)}}{4 f}+\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2 \left (3 (a-b)+4 b x^2\right )}{\left (-1+x^2\right )^2 \sqrt {a-b+b x^2}} \, dx,x,\sec (e+f x)\right )}{4 f}\\ &=-\frac {(3 a+b) \cot (e+f x) \csc (e+f x) \sqrt {a-b+b \sec ^2(e+f x)}}{8 a f}-\frac {\cot (e+f x) \csc ^3(e+f x) \sqrt {a-b+b \sec ^2(e+f x)}}{4 f}+\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {(a-b) (3 a+b)+8 a b x^2}{\left (-1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {a-b+b x^2}} \, dx,x,\sec (e+f x)\right )}{8 a f}\\ &=-\frac {(3 a+b) \cot (e+f x) \csc (e+f x) \sqrt {a-b+b \sec ^2(e+f x)}}{8 a f}-\frac {\cot (e+f x) \csc ^3(e+f x) \sqrt {a-b+b \sec ^2(e+f x)}}{4 f}+\frac {b \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a-b+b x^2}} \, dx,x,\sec (e+f x)\right )}{f}+\frac {\left (3 a^2+6 a b-b^2\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (-1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {a-b+b x^2}} \, dx,x,\sec (e+f x)\right )}{8 a f}\\ &=-\frac {(3 a+b) \cot (e+f x) \csc (e+f x) \sqrt {a-b+b \sec ^2(e+f x)}}{8 a f}-\frac {\cot (e+f x) \csc ^3(e+f x) \sqrt {a-b+b \sec ^2(e+f x)}}{4 f}+\frac {b \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1-b x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {\sec (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a-b+b \sec ^2(e+f x)}}\right )}{f}+\frac {\left (3 a^2+6 a b-b^2\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-1+a x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {\sec (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a-b+b \sec ^2(e+f x)}}\right )}{8 a f}\\ &=-\frac {\left (3 a^2+6 a b-b^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \sec (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a-b+b \sec ^2(e+f x)}}\right )}{8 a^{3/2} f}+\frac {\sqrt {b} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \sec (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a-b+b \sec ^2(e+f x)}}\right )}{f}-\frac {(3 a+b) \cot (e+f x) \csc (e+f x) \sqrt {a-b+b \sec ^2(e+f x)}}{8 a f}-\frac {\cot (e+f x) \csc ^3(e+f x) \sqrt {a-b+b \sec ^2(e+f x)}}{4 f}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [B] Leaf count is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(1049\) vs. \(2(187)=374\).
time = 6.46, size = 1049, normalized size = 5.61 \begin {gather*} \frac {\sqrt {\frac {a+b+a \cos (2 (e+f x))-b \cos (2 (e+f x))}{1+\cos (2 (e+f x))}} \left (\frac {(-3 a \cos (e+f x)-b \cos (e+f x)) \csc ^2(e+f x)}{8 a}-\frac {1}{4} \cot (e+f x) \csc ^3(e+f x)\right )}{f}+\frac {\frac {\left (3 a^2-2 a b-b^2\right ) (1+\cos (e+f x)) \sqrt {\frac {1+\cos (2 (e+f x))}{(1+\cos (e+f x))^2}} \sqrt {\frac {a+b+(a-b) \cos (2 (e+f x))}{1+\cos (2 (e+f x))}} \left (4 \sqrt {a} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {-\sqrt {a} \left (-1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )+\sqrt {4 b \tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )+a \left (-1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )^2}}{2 \sqrt {b}}\right )-\sqrt {b} \left (2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )-\frac {\sqrt {4 b \tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )+a \left (-1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )^2}}{\sqrt {a}}\right )+\log \left (a-2 b-a \tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {4 b \tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )+a \left (-1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )^2}\right )\right )\right ) \left (-1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right ) \left (1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right ) \sqrt {\frac {4 b \tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )+a \left (-1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )^2}{\left (1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )^2}}}{4 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {a+b+(a-b) \cos (2 (e+f x))} \sqrt {\left (-1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )^2} \sqrt {4 b \tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )+a \left (-1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )^2}}-\frac {\left (3 a^2+14 a b-b^2\right ) (1+\cos (e+f x)) \sqrt {\frac {1+\cos (2 (e+f x))}{(1+\cos (e+f x))^2}} \sqrt {\frac {a+b+(a-b) \cos (2 (e+f x))}{1+\cos (2 (e+f x))}} \left (4 \sqrt {a} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {-\sqrt {a} \left (-1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )+\sqrt {4 b \tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )+a \left (-1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )^2}}{2 \sqrt {b}}\right )+\sqrt {b} \left (2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )-\frac {\sqrt {4 b \tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )+a \left (-1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )^2}}{\sqrt {a}}\right )+\log \left (a-2 b-a \tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {4 b \tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )+a \left (-1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )^2}\right )\right )\right ) \left (-1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right ) \left (1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right ) \sqrt {\frac {4 b \tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )+a \left (-1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )^2}{\left (1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )^2}}}{4 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {a+b+(a-b) \cos (2 (e+f x))} \sqrt {\left (-1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )^2} \sqrt {4 b \tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )+a \left (-1+\tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )^2}}}{8 a f} \end {gather*}
Warning: Unable to verify antiderivative.
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Maple [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(5377\) vs.
\(2(165)=330\).
time = 0.31, size = 5378, normalized size = 28.76
method | result | size |
default | \(\text {Expression too large to display}\) | \(5378\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [A]
time = 7.02, size = 1345, normalized size = 7.19 \begin {gather*} \left [-\frac {{\left ({\left (3 \, a^{2} + 6 \, a b - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4} - 2 \, {\left (3 \, a^{2} + 6 \, a b - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 3 \, a^{2} + 6 \, a b - b^{2}\right )} \sqrt {a} \log \left (-\frac {2 \, {\left ({\left (a - b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 2 \, \sqrt {a} \sqrt {\frac {{\left (a - b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}} \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + a + b\right )}}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} - 1}\right ) - 8 \, {\left (a^{2} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4} - 2 \, a^{2} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a^{2}\right )} \sqrt {b} \log \left (-\frac {{\left (a - b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 2 \, \sqrt {b} \sqrt {\frac {{\left (a - b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}} \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + 2 \, b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}\right ) - 2 \, {\left ({\left (3 \, a^{2} + a b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{3} - {\left (5 \, a^{2} + a b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )\right )} \sqrt {\frac {{\left (a - b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}}}{16 \, {\left (a^{2} f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4} - 2 \, a^{2} f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a^{2} f\right )}}, \frac {{\left ({\left (3 \, a^{2} + 6 \, a b - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4} - 2 \, {\left (3 \, a^{2} + 6 \, a b - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 3 \, a^{2} + 6 \, a b - b^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-a} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {\frac {{\left (a - b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}} \cos \left (f x + e\right )}{a}\right ) + 4 \, {\left (a^{2} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4} - 2 \, a^{2} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a^{2}\right )} \sqrt {b} \log \left (-\frac {{\left (a - b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 2 \, \sqrt {b} \sqrt {\frac {{\left (a - b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}} \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + 2 \, b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}\right ) + {\left ({\left (3 \, a^{2} + a b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{3} - {\left (5 \, a^{2} + a b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )\right )} \sqrt {\frac {{\left (a - b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}}}{8 \, {\left (a^{2} f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4} - 2 \, a^{2} f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a^{2} f\right )}}, -\frac {16 \, {\left (a^{2} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4} - 2 \, a^{2} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-b} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-b} \sqrt {\frac {{\left (a - b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}} \cos \left (f x + e\right )}{b}\right ) + {\left ({\left (3 \, a^{2} + 6 \, a b - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4} - 2 \, {\left (3 \, a^{2} + 6 \, a b - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 3 \, a^{2} + 6 \, a b - b^{2}\right )} \sqrt {a} \log \left (-\frac {2 \, {\left ({\left (a - b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 2 \, \sqrt {a} \sqrt {\frac {{\left (a - b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}} \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + a + b\right )}}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} - 1}\right ) - 2 \, {\left ({\left (3 \, a^{2} + a b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{3} - {\left (5 \, a^{2} + a b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )\right )} \sqrt {\frac {{\left (a - b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}}}{16 \, {\left (a^{2} f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4} - 2 \, a^{2} f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a^{2} f\right )}}, \frac {{\left ({\left (3 \, a^{2} + 6 \, a b - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4} - 2 \, {\left (3 \, a^{2} + 6 \, a b - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 3 \, a^{2} + 6 \, a b - b^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-a} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {\frac {{\left (a - b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}} \cos \left (f x + e\right )}{a}\right ) - 8 \, {\left (a^{2} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4} - 2 \, a^{2} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-b} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-b} \sqrt {\frac {{\left (a - b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}} \cos \left (f x + e\right )}{b}\right ) + {\left ({\left (3 \, a^{2} + a b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{3} - {\left (5 \, a^{2} + a b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )\right )} \sqrt {\frac {{\left (a - b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}}}{8 \, {\left (a^{2} f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4} - 2 \, a^{2} f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a^{2} f\right )}}\right ] \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \sqrt {a + b \tan ^{2}{\left (e + f x \right )}} \csc ^{5}{\left (e + f x \right )}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [F(-2)]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Exception raised: TypeError} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.01 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\sqrt {b\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (e+f\,x\right )}^2+a}}{{\sin \left (e+f\,x\right )}^5} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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